Science : Ch 02 – Acids Bases and Salts

The increasing order of acid strength is water < acetic acid < hydrochloride acid. Hydrochloride acid is a strong acid and ionises fully in water.

Phenolphthalein solution is a colourless indicator which gives pink colour in basic solution. Phenolphthalein solution remains colourless in acidic solution as well as in neutral solution.

Baking soda’s formula does not show any relationship water molecules.

Citric acid is not a mineral acid. It is an organic acid or edible acid that is obtain from organic compounds

If 10 ml of H₂SO₄ is mixed with 10 ml of Mg(OH)₂ of the same concentration, the result solution be MgSO₄ which is a neutral salt and universal indicator will give the green colour in this solution

Baking powder is a mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate and tartaric acid NaHCO₃ + H+ → CO₂ + H₂O + Sodium salt (from tartaric acid) of acid Carbon dioxide (CO₂) produced during reaction can cause bread or cake to rise and makes Baking powder, tartaric acid neutralises the salt and cake does not taste bitter.

Chemical name of plaster of Paris is calcium sulphate hemihydrate. It is written in this form because two formula units of CaSO₄ share one molecule of water.

Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are strong acid and base respectively. So blending of strong acid and strong base will form neutral salt and water giving the pH value as 7.

Lime (CaO) is the base that reacts with a dilute acid such as HCl to form a salt called calcium chloride.

Chloralkali process is an industrial process that is used to form sodium hydroxide by electrolysis of aqueous solution of sodium chloride NaCl

When a small amount of acid such as hydrochloric acid is added to water, individual ions of the acid are dissociated This process is known as ionisation.