Science : Ch 02 – Acids Bases and Salts

The increasing order of acid strength is water < acetic acid < hydrochloride acid. Hydrochloride acid is a strong acid and ionises fully in water.

washing the hands with water will dilute the acid and wash it out. Any remaining acid will be neutralized with sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking soda) as it is a base. This will minimize the effect of damage caused by acid to the skin.

Baking powder is a mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate and tartaric acid NaHCO₃ + H+ → CO₂ + H₂O + Sodium salt (from tartaric acid) of acid Carbon dioxide (CO₂) produced during reaction can cause bread or cake to rise and makes Baking powder, tartaric acid neutralises the salt and cake does not taste bitter.

The tooth paste commonly used is alkaline or basic in nature as they contain mild bases such as sodium fuoride or sodium bicarbonate in their composition.

C₂H₅OH is not a base. C₂H₅OH is an organic compound with –OH functional group that is known as alcohol

When a small amount of acid such as hydrochloric acid is added to water, individual ions of the acid are dissociated This process is known as ionisation.

When the pH of an aqueous solution is higher, its acidic properties are weak. Thus, it is a base. When the pH an aqueous solution is lower, its basic properties are weak. Thus, it is an acid.