Science : Ch 02 – Acids Bases and Salts

The increasing order of acid strength is water < acetic acid < hydrochloride acid. Hydrochloride acid is a strong acid and ionises fully in water.

Phenolphthalein solution is a colourless indicator which gives pink colour in basic solution. Phenolphthalein solution remains colourless in acidic solution as well as in neutral solution.

The tooth paste commonly used is alkaline or basic in nature as they contain mild bases such as sodium fuoride or sodium bicarbonate in their composition.

Acids turn blue litmus solution to red. They have a sour taste as in the case of vinegar and are sticky to touch. On the other hand, bases turn red litmus solution to blue. Bases are bitter in taste as in the case of baking soda and are slippery to touch.

Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is the salt of carbonic acid (H₂CO₂) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Here NaOH is a powerful base and carbonic acid is a weak acid.

Chloralkali process is an industrial process that is used to form sodium hydroxide by electrolysis of aqueous solution of sodium chloride NaCl

C₂H₅OH is not a base. C₂H₅OH is an organic compound with –OH functional group that is known as alcohol

When a small amount of acid such as hydrochloric acid is added to water, individual ions of the acid are dissociated This process is known as ionisation.