Science : Ch 02 – Acids Bases and Salts

The increasing order of acid strength is water < acetic acid < hydrochloride acid. Hydrochloride acid is a strong acid and ionises fully in water.

Phenolphthalein solution is a colourless indicator which gives pink colour in basic solution. Phenolphthalein solution remains colourless in acidic solution as well as in neutral solution.

Clove oil is an olfactory indicator. These the substances which give one type of odour in acidic medium and a diferent odour in basic medium so a visually challenged student favours to use clove oil as an acid-base indicator.

hydrogen-containing compound such as glucose is not categorized as acid because it does not produce hydrogen ions or some other ions, when dissolved in water, and consequently does not conduct electricity

Chemical name of plaster of Paris is calcium sulphate hemihydrate. It is written in this form because two formula units of CaSO₄ share one molecule of water.

The tooth paste commonly used is alkaline or basic in nature as they contain mild bases such as sodium fuoride or sodium bicarbonate in their composition.

Acids turn blue litmus solution to red. They have a sour taste as in the case of vinegar and are sticky to touch. On the other hand, bases turn red litmus solution to blue. Bases are bitter in taste as in the case of baking soda and are slippery to touch.

HCI, being a polar covalent compound, easily ionses in water to form hydronium (H₃O+) and chloride ions (Cl– ). HCl (a strong acid) ionises completely in water to produce H+ and Cl–  ions. H+ ion dilutes with water molecules to produce hydronium ions.